Music-leaf turner.



T. BOLDIZZONI & P. BOSIO.

MUSIC LEAF TURNER.

APPLICATION FILED IULY IG. 1914.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I. BoIDIzZoNI II P. osIo.

MUSIC LEAF TURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I6, 1914.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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A TR/VEYS T. BOLDIZZONI P. BOSI.

MUSIC LEAF TURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1914.

1,150,740. PatentedAug. 17, 1915.

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T. BOLDIZZONI & P. BOSIO.

MUSIC LEAF TURNER. APPLICATION Hummm/16.1914.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

TEOBALDO BOLDIZZONI AND PETER BOSIO, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS, BYDIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, OF ONE-THIRD TO SAID BOS-IO AN D ONE-TI-IIRD TO FRANK COR-INU, OF WEST HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, AND ONE-THIRDTO EDWARDS PREVOST() AND BAPTISTr GIONOTTT, BOTH 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

MUSIC-LEAF TURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed .Tuly 16, 1914. Serial No. 851,341.

T0 all whom it may concern Be it known that we, Tucci-inno BOLDIZ- zoNr,a subject of the King of ltaly, and PETER Bosio, a .citizen of theUnited States, broth residents of the city of New York, borough ofManhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new andImproved Music-Leaf Turner, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

Our invention has particular reference to improvements in leaf turningdevices for folios, booksand the like and more particularly to thosecommonly termed music leaf turners.

rlhe primary object of the invention is connprehended in the provisionof a simple and novel device of the above character which `is moreparticularly an improvement upon the structure illustrated in Patent No.1,087,712, dated February 17, 1914i-, in that different and morepositively actuating means for turning the leaf engaging arm areprovided, which, instead of necessitating -pull in a horizontaldirection tending to swing the leaf-turning arm, exerts pull verticallyso to particularly adapt the 4device for musicians7 stands or tripods sothat the working parts can be substantially hidden from-view.

A further object of the invention is to provide a'music leaf turnerharing novel means or mechanism operated by a pull wire at thedepression of a treadle to cause the engagement of the leaf-turning armwith a music sheet to be turned and then released, or turned toitsoriginal position without releasing the leaf, as when it is desired to`repeat or re-read the mattei' appearing on a sheet, as well as to adaptthe device for books or folios of different thicknesses by permittingthe operation of the arm at different angular positions at either sidowhen met with the .proper resistance.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means forattachment to the leaves or sheets for engagement by a turning arm alsoof novel construction, whereby the turning of the leaves is made pos'-tive, while the mechanism carrying the arm is adapted to support a musicrack which, together with the mechanism and arm, can be compactly foldedso as to occupy a minimum space to be conveniently carried in areceptacle when transported from place to place.

lilith the above and other objects in view, the invention resides in thepeculiar combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter morefully described, illustrated and claimed, it being also an object toprovide a device which is simple in construction, durable and efficientin operation and not likely to get out of working order.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis speciiication, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views, and in which- Figure l is a frontelevation of a musicians stand or Ytripod equipped with the improvedmusic leaf turner and accouterments which are cooperative therewith;Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken on the line 2-2 ofFig. 3; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. Z withthe front of the casing of the turning mechanism removed and showing theturning arm in its initial or natal position; Fig. -l is a view similarto Fig. 3 but showing the turning arm in the position after havingturned a leaf; Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the casing containing the'mechanism and showing the turning arn folded, the parts being shown on areduced scale; F ig. G is an enlarged detail sectional Patented Aug. 17,1915.k

view of the foot treadle for operating the mechanism; Fig. 7 is a frontelevation of a music rack which cooperates with the casing to supportthe music book or folio the leaves of which are to be turned; Fig. 8 isa front elevation of the rack in folded position with a portion thereofbroken away; Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 3 of a modiiied operatingmechanism; Fig. 10 is a similar view but showing the leaf-turning arm inan opposite position corresponding to the showing in Fig. 4l; Fig. l1 isa vertical sectional view taken on the line 11-11 of Fig. 9; Fig. l2 isa vertical sectional view of a leaf carrying an improved engaging memberor clip with the leaf-turning arm engaged therewith; Fig. 13 is a planview of the blank from which the clips are made; Fig. lf-l is a detailedview of the manner of pivoting the turning arm to permit folding of thelatter, the section being taken on the line 14-14 of Fig. 3.

As illustrated in the drawings, the leafturning mechanism A is adaptedfor turning the leaves of a music book or folio l5, although it is hereexplained that leaves of any book may be turned as when supported in aconvenient position to be read. In the present invention reference ismore cspecially made to a device adapted for application to musicians7stands or tripods, an illustration-of which is shown at C. The tripod'in the present instance is shown as comprising a plurality of .legs 10pivoted to a plurality of spaced ears l1 of a bracket member 12 whichslidably receives the lower section 13 of a. standard having a flange orenlargement at its lower end adapted for engagement by a spring catch 15carried by the bracket member in order to hold the standard in avertically extended position when engaged beneath the flange orenlargement.

A section 16 is slidable in the section 13 of the standard andv isadapted to be held in vertically adjusted position by frictionalengagement of a set screw 17 with its peripheral face, said set screwoperating through. the upper end of the section 13 and having threadedengagement therewith. The upper end of the section 16 of the standard isprovided wit-h a flange 18 extending about half way around itscircumference, thus providing a depression 19 at the opposite side sothat the ends of the flange will form shoulders to limit the turningmovement of the casing of the mechanism when adjusted angularly in thesection. For this purpose the casing, which is indicated by the numeral20, carries a sleeve 21 on its rear face to extend down into thestandard and to turn therein Cri so that when the sleeve is verticallydisposed in the standard the casing and the mechanism contained thereinwill be supported in angular relation to the standard and inclinedrearwardly with the upper end of the sleeve open and of reduceddiameter. The

,leaf-turning mechanism A, as above men- Aprovided at its lower edgewith an engaging member or clip 24, each comprising a rectangular blanksection of sheet material, such as celluloid or the like, which iscapable of being bent and pressed or retained in this condition. Eachblank is provided With a rectangular aperture 25 so that when the blankis bent in the manner shown in Fig. 12 of the drawings and applied tothe bottom edge of a leaf so that the latter will be engaged between thefront and rear portions of the clip, the front portion of the blank willextend above the rear portion so as to provide a pocket by means of theopening to be engaged by the curved free extremity 26 of theleaf-turning arm which is curved inwardly, as shown at 26, to render theengagement more positive, in conjunction with the beveling of the bottomedge of the connecting portion 27 of the clip, as shown at 2S. rlheturning arm is provided with a finger 29 which is spaced from the mainportion thereof and which terminates short of 4its free end, said fingerbeing curved outwardly in an opposite direction to the curvature of theportion 26, as shown, so as to engage outwardly of the connectingportion 27 and substantially grasp the saine in the selfsame manner asif caught hold of by two fingers. The edge of the clip which engagesrearwardly of the leaf is beveled as shown at 30 so as to freely receivethe leaf between the folded parts, while the pressure exerted by thelatter against the opposite faces of the leaf will retain the clipthereon.

The turning arm is pivotally connected at its inner end, as shown at 31,to the stem portion 32 of a vertically disposed spiral member 33 so asto have vertical swinging movement on said pivot in engaging anddisengaging the leaves. The arm for this purpose is bifurcated at itsinner end and straddles the stem portion as well as a ring 34 which isin turn slidably mounted on the stem through the medium of an apcrturedupper portion 35 and a grooved collar 36 at its lower end, while the armis provided with opposed longitudinal slots 37 receiving a cross pin 38projecting in opposite directions from the ring to cause verticalswinging movement of the arm on the pivot 31 as the ring is raised andlowered. For this purpose a horizontally disposed presser foot 39 isslotted to engage the grooved collar 36, said presser foot being carriedat the lower end of a bar 40 which is vertically slidablc through thebottom wall 41 of the casing.

Mounted on the bar which also extends through the upper wall 42 of thecasing is a block or stop member 43, the same being disposed aboutmidway of the height of the bar and having or carrying a forwardlyprojecting pin 44, while a coiled spring 45 is mounted on the barbetween the bottom wall of the casing and the block to normally elevatethe bar and the presser foot, which is in turn provided with anenlargement 46 producing a shoulder limiting the upward displacement ofthe pressure foot by en gagement with a depending plate 47 carried bythe bottom wall of the casing. Also vertically slidablein the casing toone side of 48 which, at its lower end is provided with a foot piece 49provided with a thread or aperture conforming to the cross section ofthe spiral so as to operate as a nut when depressed to cause therotation of the latter together with the turning arm carried thereby.The rod likewise operates through the top and bottom portions of thecasing and is retained with its foot portion upwardly displaced on thespiral by means of a coiled spring 50 which surrounds the rod betweenits bottom wall and a collar or strap member 51 fixed to the rod.

' In the casing at the opposite side of the bar l0 with respect to theposition of the rod 48'is a plunger 52, the same being slidable throughthe bottom of the casing and carrying a cross head 53 at its upper endwhich is apertured to slidably receive the lbar and rodv aforesaid. Thiscross head and the plunger are retained in an upward position by meansof a spring 54 mounted on the rod between the bottom `of the casing andthe cross head, while the cross head is in turn provided with aforwardly projecting engaging pin 55. `rDivoted in the lower portion ofthe casing near one side or at its lower right hand corner, in Fig. l asby ineansof a pla-te 56 having opposedextensions 57 disposed in oppositerecesses in the sides offthe casing, is a lever 58, the same beingpivoted as shown at 59 to swing laterally and being normally held toexert pressure in one direction laterally or toward the right in Fig. 4,*as by means of a V- spring 60 with its spiral portion anchored to astud '6l on the plate 56 and having one arm engaging the left hand sideof the casing and the other arm disposed between a pair of projections.62 of the lever. IThe arm about midway of its height and at its righthand edge is provided with a pair of recessesproducing a square shoulderG3 and a rounded shoulder 6d there-beneath and located toward the leftwith respect thereto, while the edge of the lever there-above is curvedto provide a camming edge G5 adapted for coperation with the pin 55 indisengaging the pin ist from beneath the shoulder 64:. Pivoted to thelever 58 near its upper end is a pawl 66 having a curved edge (37continuing from an extension G8 which serves, by engagement with theleft hand wall of the casing, to limit the swinging of the lever andpawl to the left, while a projection (39 carried by the lever beneaththe pawl serves to support the pawl and limit its downward movement.

rhe front of the casing is indicated by the numeral 70 and is removablysecured thereto so as to bear upon the forwardly projecting bottom wallof the casing, and said front portion is yprovided with wedge-shapedside flanges 7l near its lower end and tapering downwardly, whilebetween said flanges 'a pair of headed studs 72 are provided projectingbeyond the edge portions of the flanges. The purpose of thisconstruction is toadapt the casing to support a music rack D and forthis purpose said rack is made up of an angular ledge or'supporting part'73 provided with a pair of vertically alined bayonet slots 74Cintermediately ofl its transverse center to engage the studs which arepassed through the enlarged portions of the slots and the rack afterwardretained in position by pressing downward thereon to exert frictionbetween the flanges and the inner faces of the heads of the studsagainst the angular portion 73. The ledge of the angular portion 73 ofthe rack is provided with a pair of curved notches or recesses 75 and 78at opposite sides of the casing and concentric to the pivot of the armso as to receive the latter when in its different positions whileturning the leaves.

The back of the rack comprises a folding or knock-down structureconsisting of end links 77 and pivotally connected cross links 78 and79, the upper ends of the links 77 being connected to the upper ends ofthe links 78 which are in turn pivotally connected at their lower ends,while the links 7 9 which cross the links 78 are pivoted thereto, asshown at 80, and pivotally connected to each other at their upper ends.The links 79 have theirlower ends bent at an angle, one link beingpivotally connected to an angular portion of the rack, as shown at 81,while the other side is engageable by means of a stud 82 with a slot 88of said angular portion, and the end links 77 are provided with pivotedsleeves 8st slidably engaging with the links 79 so that by disengagingthe 4stud 82 from the slot 83 the parts may be vcollapsed in the mannerof lazy tongs and folded behind the angular portion of the rack, as isclearly shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. In this manner when the musicbook or folio is supported on the ledge of the rack in the manner shownin Fig. l of the drawings the leaves at either side of the casingprovided with the engaging members or clips at their lower' edges willbe positioned adjacent to the notches or recesses 75 and 7G.

Projecting rearwardly from the cross head 58 is a vertically slottedextension 85 adapted for engagement by the upper end of a w. pull wire8() which is pro ided with an enlargement 87 at said end and whichdepends therefrom to extend through the sleeve 2l and then through thetelescoping sections of the standard and thence through a fieXiblecasing or tube 88. This flexible casing or tube 88 is fixed to the lowerend of the upper or extensible section of the standard of the tripod andat its free end is connected to the stationary part of a suitable pullmechanism for operating the mechanism by depressing the cross head 53.This mechanism. in the present instance is adapted to be operated by onefoot of the player and comprises a treadle 89 pivoted to one end of abase 90 and normally held in a raised position by a spring 91 carried bythe pivot 92 connecting these parts and exerting opposite tensionagainst the base and the treadle or depressible member. of the pullmechanism. A curved standard 93 is pivoted to the other end of the base,as shown at 94, the base being supported upon pads 95 at said end,whereby the latter is spaced from the ioor or support to accommodate theengaging end of a spring catch 96 which is fixed to the standard andengages beneath the base to hold the standard in an upright position.The flexible casing or tube SS is attached to the free end of thestandard, and the wire or cable SG at this end is provided with anenlargement 97 so that the wire can be removably engaged with a notch 9Sin the free end of the treadle with the enlargement preventingdisplacement thereof and serving, when the treadle is depressed, toexert pull on the wire. Y

In the operation of the device the parts may be assumed to be in theposition shown in solid lines in Fig. 3 of the drawings, when the crosshead 53 is upwardly displaced together with the plunger 52 undertheaction of the coiled spring 54 as well as the rod 4S under the action ofits spring 50. The bar is shown slightly depressed so that the pin 114will engage beneath the shoulder G3, the bar being held in this positiondue to the lever 5S being constantly held in engagement therewith by thespring 60 so that the ring 34 which is engaged by the presser foot willbe held downwardly and .thereby hold the turning arm in a downwardlyinclined position by reason of the connection of the ring with the innerend of the arm. During this movement the oppositely projecting pin 38will move in the slots 37, and as the Varm is held from rotationindependent of the stem of the spiral and therefore of .the spiral also,the ring or shiftable member carried by the stem and serving to move thearm vertically when the bar 1s depressed or permitted to elevate underthe action of its spring, is allowedto'translate only up and down.The-spiral is journaled at its lower end in the bottom wall of anauxiliary casing 99 and at its upper end through the bottom wall 41 ofthe casing 20, the casing having its upper portion cut away adjacenttothe ring to allow horizontal swinging movement of the turning arm andhaving a vertical rear extension 100 carried by or secured to the casing20 as shown at 101. Upon the treadle being depressed pull is exertedupon the wire 8G to cause the cross as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3,against' the camming edge 65, and as the presser foot moves with the barit will elevate the ring with which it is engaged through the medium ofthe grooved collar 3G, and the engaging portion of the turning arm,which extends upwardly and which is normally disposed against the leafor music sheet slightly above its lower edge, as shown in full lines inFig. 3, will be raised to the dotted line posisition, so as to passbeneath the connecting` portions 27 of the clip and between this portionand the music sheet, while the pinion 29 engages outwardly thereof, asis more clearly shown in Fig. 12 of the drawings. Further depression ofthe treadle will cause the cross head, which is moved in contact withthe collar 51, to depress the rod 48 against the action of its springand in so doing the foot piece 49 will be depressed and moved over thespiral to rotate the turning arm to the left in the same horizontalplane so as to carry the leaf therewith, whereby the. latter, due to theinclination given to the racl, will be partly turned by its inertiaafter moving over the central position. The cross head is now in contactwith the collar 51 and the block 43 at the upper end of the barfand asthe treadle is depressed farther to exert further pull upon the wire thebar is depressed, together with its presser foot, to move the armdownwardly from the full line position shown in Fig. el to the dottedline position in said ligure, thus providing means for holding theleaf-turning arm in positive engagement with the leaf until the latteris completely turned and then disengaging the arm from the leaf or theengaging member or clip carried thereby.

The positions of the parts when the leaf is turned and before the arm isdepressed is clearly illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings in fulllines, the spring G0 exerting tension at all times to hold the levertoward the pin spiral to rotate the turning arm while the presser footserves to raise the ring and elevate Vthe turning arm. ll his latteroperation, however, is accomplished by two distinct movements owing tothe fact 'that as the cross head is raised the pin 55 will-engage the canming edge to move the lever to theleft and permit the pin 1li to passfrom beneath the rounded shoulder Gil and engagebeneath the shoulder 68,the rounding of the shoulder 64 permitting this movement so that the armis slightly elevated as it approaches the central position with respectto its opposite limits. The arm will then be in the position shown infull lines in Fig.v 3, andas the pressure is relieved om the treadle thecross head will assume its initial. or natal position so that upon.again being depressed it will swing the lever to the left ,to disengage the shoulder 63 "'i'omthe pin Llll and permit the bar to elec theturning arm as heretofore explained, in order to engage the clip 24;. Inthis connection it is explained that depending upon the thickness of thebool; or folio the turning arm may be shifted vertically at any angularposition to engage or disengage from the clip, owing to the fact thatwhen the arm is turned and is met by resistance and then pressure isreleased upon the treadle, the cross head will move at its verticallimit upward and upon being depressed will releasethe bar in the-samemanner as heretofore described, whereas the arm will also be heldagainst turning and the cross head deprees the bar by engagement withthe bloei; A pad or cushion 102 is fixed to the inner wall of the casingat the top so as to remove the impact due to the movement of the crosshead 53 upwardly under the action of the spring 5-3: when pressure isreleased from upon the plunger 52 and avoid noise. ln order to permitthe turning mechanism to be folded compactly, the turning arm is made intwo sections consisting of an inner or vattaching section 103 which isslotted vertically to provide bifurcations 10d across which a pivot 105extends, while the section 106 of the turning arm is depressed betweenthe bifurcations of the section 103 and is longitudinally slotted, asshown at 107, to receive the pivot 105 therethrough and permit pivotalmovement of the section 106 with. respect to the section 103, whereby itmay be swung upwardly in the manner shown in Fig. 5-of the drawings andenl ga ged beneath a curved pocket or keeper 108 carried by the front ofthe casing 20 so as to house and protect the engaging end of the arm aswell as to prevent injury to persons handling the device. j The bightportion of the. section 103 carries a stud 109 extending into thebifurcation to engage an aperture 110 at the inner end of the section106 so that the latter section may be shifted inwardly to engage thestud 109 and hold the arm rigid while permitting outward movement ofsaid section to be folded in the manner described.

v ln the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11, inclusive,the leaf-turning mechanism is slightly diiferent and somewhat simplifiedand in lieu of turning the arm by means of a spiral, a rack and pinionare used so that the length of the casing may be reduced and the partsoperate sul stantially as in the other form of the invention. As shown,the casing 111 which replaces the casing 20, is slightly tapered to-Yward its upper end and considerably tapered at .its lower end to bestaccommodate the mechanism, as well as for neatness and appearance, andthe front of the casing, which is indicated by the numeral 112, isremovably secured to the casing proper and is provided with a pair ofstuds 113 for engagement by the music racl as hereinbe'jore set forth.This casing front near its lower end is provided with an opening at theupper and lower encs of which outwardly arcuate or curved extensions114iare provided to cover such mechanism as can be covered withoutinterfering with the movement of the leaf-turning arm. verticallyslidable through the casing is a plunger 115 corresponding to theplunger 52 and this plunger is held normally upward by a coiled spring110 mounted kthereon between the bottom wall of the casing and a crosshead 117 fixed to the plunger below the upper end of the latter, whichprojects through the top of the casing. The bacl of the casing isprovided with a pair of vertically spaced headed studs 11S serving toremovably engage a slot 119 in the upper end of a standard 120 of thetripod to removably support the mechanism, and the slotted portion ofthe standard is disposed at an angle so as to support the mechanism in arearwardly inclined position for the same purpose as hereinbeforespecified. Directly above the studs 118 the casing 111 is provided. witha vertical slot 121 through which a verticallyfslotted extension 122 ofthe cross head 117, corresponding to the extension 85 of the cross head53, projects to be engaged by a pull wire in the usual manner. A bearingroller 123 is rotatably supported on a forward eX- tension of the crosshead for shifting the turning arm, as will be later described. Alsovertically slidable in the casing through its top and bottom walls is abar 124 which carries a presser foot 125 at its lowerv end and which isnormally held upwardly displaced by a coiled spring 126 mounted on thebar between the block 127 and a slotted Vbearing 128 projecting from therear wall of the casing and receiving the bar therethrough for verticalsliding movement, while the block 127 is provided with a forwardly eX-tending pin or projection 129. A lever 130 i s provided at its lowerend, as shown at 131, for lateral swinging movement in the casing andcorresponding to the lever 58, said lever being held to the right by aspring 132 and having a camming edge 133 intermediate its ends and belowwhich shoulders 134 and 135 are provided in the edge of the lever facingdownward, the lower shoulder being preferably rounded for the purposeheretofore described. Pivoted to the upper end of the lever is a pawl136 having a curved engaging edge 137 and provided with an inwardlyextending lug 138 limiting the movement of the pawl downward against thelever. Pivoted to the upper right hand corner of the casing is a camminglever which is normally held to the left as by means of a spring 139,and this camming lever comprises an upper section 140 and a lowersection 141 pivoted thereto, as shown at 142, and having an angularupper end 143 engaged by one end of the spring 139 so that the sectionsare moved to the left as one. The lower section,

' which is also the inner section, is held from movement to the'right ofthe section 140 at its lower end by means of an inwardly extended orinturned portion 144, while its lower end projects beneath the section140 and is provided with a vertical slot 145. Transversely mountedacross the casing, preferably at its widest part, is an elongatedguideway or easing 146 the same being preferably of rectangular crosssection and slidably receiving a rack bar 147 for movement therein,limited in its movements in opposite directions by the side walls of thecasing and having a rearwardly projecting pin or trunnion 148 whichextends through the slot 145 in such a manner that when the camminglever is moved on its pivot the rack will be shifted while the slotcompensates for the movement of the camming lever in the arc of acircle. The casing 146 carries a bearing plate 149 corresponding to thebottom wall of the casing 20 to form a bearing member together with anextension of the bottom wall of the casing rotatably supporting avertical shaft or stem 150 constructed for engagement by the presserfoot 125 and carrying a leaf-turning arm in the same manner as describedin connection with the other form of the invention. In lieu of providingthe stem 150 with a spiral for oscillating the turning arm horizontally,said part constitut-ing a support for the arm, the stem carries a pinion151 which is disposed in mesh with the rack bar at all times.

The operation of this form of the device is such that by exerting pullupon the wire, the plunger is moved downwardly so that the roller 123will engage the camming edge 152 of the camming lever and moreparticularly of the section 140, so as to swing said lever to the rightand move the turning arm from the dotted line position shown in Fig.

V9 to the full line position shown in Fig. 10.

Further movement of the plunger will cause the engagement of the crosshead with the block 127 so as to move the pin 129 successively below theshoulders 134 and 135, the lever 130 moving under the action of itsspring to the right to dispose the pin in the position named. In thismanner the bar 124 will be depressed so as to dispose the ring 34 byengagement of the presser foot therewith and thus simultaneouslydisengage the turning arm from the clip of the music sheet. As pressureupon the treadle is released the spring 116 forces the plunger 115upward and the roller, moving into the narrow portion of the camminglever, permits the latter to swing to the left under the action of itsspring so as to shift the rack bar in the opposite direction and movethe leafturning arm to the full line position shown in Fig. 9 of thedrawings. Further depression upon the treadle after the roller haspassed above the pawl 136, will engage the edge portion 137 of thelatter after it has fallen by gravity, and the lever 130 will then bemoved to the left to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 9 so as torelease the pin 129 from beneath the shoulder 134. In this manner thebar is permitted to move upwardly to raise the arm to the dotted lineposition shown in Fig. 9 and the impact of the movement is taken up by acushioning member or spring 153 mounted on the bar between the bottom ofthe casing and an enlargement in the form of a nut 154.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11, inclusive,the turning arm instead of being provided with an aperture 110 forengagement with the pin 109 is slotted at its inner end, as shown at155, for engagement by a cross pin 156 disposed transversely of thebifurcation of the section 103 so as to hold the arm rigid when thesection 106 is forced inwardly but to permit it to be folded when thesection 106 is drawn outwardly so that the inner end of said sectionwill clear the pin, as in the structure Shown in Fig. 14.

It will thus be seen that we have provided a leaf-turning mechanismwhich, while particularly adapted as a music leaf turner, may be appliedand used in connection with any'form of book or folio so that a singlearm will positively engage and turn a leaf having suitable clips orengaging members such as described, the arm moving or oscillating in thesame horizontal plane when turning a leaf and moving upwardly to engagethe leaf when returned in a plane slightly higher than that taken in theturning direction or into which the arm is moved after being disengagedbeneath the leaves or sheets so as to be disposed in contact with thevnext succeeding leaf and in position to engage the clip Awhen elevated.

In the last described form ofthe invention the camming arm is made intwo sections so that the arm will operate to engage with and disengagefrom the clips at different angular positions to accommodate books orfolios of different thicknesses, the sections forming a break-joint sothat the sections will move on'the pivot' 142 when the arm meets withresistance and is being raised or lewerel. By moving the arm in the samehorizontal plane the possibility of the leaf being released before it iscompletely turned is obviatechand in either form of the invention beforethe pins 44: and 129 are engaged above the respective shoulders afterthe arm isjturned to thQ left, the sheet may be turned to its normalposition by releasing the pressure upon 'the treadle to permit upwardmovement of the plunger and return swinging movement of the arm in thesame horizontal plane'. rEhe shaft or stem l5() is slightly inclinedforwardly as shown in Fig. l of the drawings so that as provided for bythe inclination of the rack in Fig. 2, the y leaf-turning arm will begradually raised as it approaches the intermediate position whenturning'or returning a leaf, so as to prevent the disengagement of thearm from the leaves.

vl-lawlng thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is l.4 In a device for turning the leaves ofa music bool, said leaves having engaging members, a turning arm adaptedfor oscillation in a horizontal plane, means for oscillating the arm,means for disposing the arm for engagement with said members of theleaves to be turned and causing the upward movement thereof to engagesaid members, said means permitting the movement of the arm downwardlyto release the leaves after the latter are turned, means for returningthe arm to its initial position, and means automatically operated duringthe returning of the arm for slightly elevating the arm from itsposition after having moved downwardly to release the leaves wherebysaid arm will Contact with the leaf when it is returned to its initialposition.

2. 'A music leaf turner including a horizontally oscillating support, aleaf turning arm horizontally piveted to the support, means foroscillating the support, means for noving the arm vertically in onedirection when the support is turned in one direction and causing thearm to be turned in the same horizontal plane in the opposite direction,means cooperating with the last named means to permit the arm to bemoved vertically in the opposite direction at the completion of thelast-named turning movement of the support, and means cooperative withthe second named means and operative upon the return of the arm to causethe arm to be moved slightly in the first-named vertical direction toproperly engage the leaves to be turned.V

3. In a music leaf turner, the combination of a casing, means mounted inthe casing and arranged for turning movement, a leaf turning arm pivotedfor vertical movement to move with said means, means for turning thefirst-named means, means operated by said first-named means for movingthe leafturning arm on its pivot when the same is moved in onedirection, and means .to disengage the leaf turning arm when the same ismoved into the last named position, said turning means being operated bya vertical force.

il. A music leaf turning device for books comprising in combination,engaging members carrier by the leaves of the book, said engagingmembers embodying apertured sections of material rebent to provide frontconnecting portions, a leaf turning mechanism including a leaf turningarm adapted to engage beneath said connecting portions when saidengaging members are applied to the leaves, and means for turning thearm and directing it beneath said connecting portions of the leavessuccessively.

leaf turner comprising engaging members carried by the leaves, saidengaging members en'ibodying apertured sections of material rebent toprovide front connect ing portions, a leaf turning mechanism including aleaf turning arm, said arm having an upwardly directed engaging portionwith a finger branching therefrom below its upper end, the engagingportion being adapted to extend beneath said connecting portions Aandbetween the same and the leaves toI be turned while the linger isadapted to engage outwardly of the connecting portion to preventdisplacement of the leaves when turned, and means for turning the arm tomove the latter into and out of engagement from said members carried. bythe leaves.

G. A music leaf turner, including a horizontally turnable support, aleaf turning arm horizontally pivoted to the support, means for turningthe arm when engaged with the leaves and in the same horizontal planewhereby accidental releasing of the leaves is prevented, means formoving the leaf turning arm vertically to engage andl disengage a leafand means cooperative with the last named means to cause the automaticpartial elevation of the turning arm when. moved te engage with theleaves.

7. A music leaf turner, including a hori- Zontally turnable support, aleaf turning arm horizontally pivoted to the support, means for turningthe arm when engaged with the leaves and in the same horizontal planewhereby accidental releasing of the leaves is prevented, said leavesbeing adapted for engagement by the arm, means for moving the armvertically upward for engaging the leaves before the latter are turned,and means for moving the arm vertically downward after the leaves havebeen turned to disengage the same, said means permitting the return ofthe arm and leaf without moving the arm downward and also permittingslight elevation thereof prior to the engagement of the arm with theleaves for turning the same.

A music leaf turner, including a horizontally turnable support, a leafturning arm horizontally pivoted to the support, means for turning thearm when engaged with the leaves and in the same horizontal planewhereby accidental yreleasing of the leaves is prevented, said leavesbeing adapted for engagement by the arm, means for moving the arm upwardduring the swinging thereof for disposing the same in position to engagethe leaves before the latter are turned, and means for moving the armdownward after the leaves have been turned to disengage the same, saidarm moving in the same horizontal plane when turning the leaves andadapted to be returned in the same plane for moving the leaves to theirinitial positions without releasing the same.

9. A music leaf turner, including a horizontally turnable support, aleaf turning arm horizontally pivoted to the support, means for turningthe arm when engaged with the leaves and in the same horizontal planewhereby accidental releasing of the leaves is prevented, said leavesadapted for engagement by the arm, means for moving the arm upward forengaging the leaves before the latter are turned,

being Y ing arm horizontally pivoted to the support,

means for moving the arm vertically to engage a leaf to be turned whilethe arm re mains or swings in the same horizontal plane, means fordisengaging or depressing the arm from the leaf, and means oscillatedwith the arm swinging 'means to return the 65 arm in a horizontal planebelow the leaves or aforesaid plane.

11. A music leaf turner, comprising an oscillatory support, means foroscillating the support, a normally depressed leaf turning armhorizontally pivoted to the support, means for moving the arm verticallyto engage a leaf to be turned while the arm remains or swings in thesame horizontal plane, means to return the arm in said plane forreturning the leaf, and means oscillated with thc arm swinging means toreturn the arm in a horizontal plane below the leaves or aforesaid planeindependent of the leaf turned to engage a new leaf.

In testimony whereof we, TrioBALDo BoL- DizzoNI and PETER Bosio, havesigned our names to this specification in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

TEOBALDO BOLDIZZONI. PETER BOSIO.

l/Vitnesses:

JOHN E. Buiten, PHILIP D. RoLLHAUs.

Copies ofvthis patent may be obtained for ive cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

